WEBVTT Kind: captions; language: en-us 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:08.600 Okay. So this is what we were doing. We were playing around in PubMed. You can see here the all 00:00:08.600 --> 00:00:14.900 searches that we did, you can see the advantage of using a filter, title, abstract... 00:00:14.900 --> 00:00:24.100 Student: Renee, we can't see your screen. We can see your desktop screen. 00:00:24.100 --> 00:00:31.950 Renee: Thank you. I'm going to try it again. 00:00:40.800 --> 00:00:47.700 You tell me, when things go wrong. 00:00:47.700 --> 00:00:52.600 So I was just trying to say, this is what we've been doing, and you can see the advantage of this is 00:00:52.600 --> 00:01:00.000 free text survey. Here we use the fields, so that is under Advanced. You go 00:01:00.000 --> 00:01:06.500 here, and you click whatever you want, but 9 out of 10, I use title abstract. You could even do title 00:01:06.500 --> 00:01:11.000 but that is most useful thing. This is mesh, that was in the NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 73% (MEDIUM) 00:01:11.000 --> 00:01:17.900 mesh database. Again if you want to go to mesh database, here you go back. You can if you want to go to 00:01:17.900 --> 00:01:23.800 a certain search you just click on that line. And if you click on these thingies on the 00:01:23.800 --> 00:01:31.000 three dots, that is where you can add queries combine various Etc. And for also the research 00:01:31.000 --> 00:01:37.500 seminars, what I want from you is a copy paste or a snip of that. don't write it in word. Just 00:01:37.500 --> 00:01:40.950 make a snip. I've got here, the snip thing is down here. You've got NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 86% (H?Y) 00:01:40.950 --> 00:01:47.600 all kinds of free snipping tools. That is much easier, but do me a favor. Clean it up a little 00:01:47.600 --> 00:01:53.500 bit. Don't get me five pages of surges. So suppose you've done this and 00:01:53.500 --> 00:02:00.300 then you say: '' Well, that's clumsy. I only want to show the mesh terms. '' You can just click mesh terms and 00:02:00.300 --> 00:02:01.850 click to NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:02:01.850 --> 00:02:06.600 delete, confirm. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (H?Y) 00:02:06.800 --> 00:02:12.200 And that's how you clean up. Okay, you can say well actually I don't like that as well. You say 00:02:12.200 --> 00:02:19.200 delete, confirm and it's gone. You see the numbers are little bit... that's got to do with the 00:02:19.200 --> 00:02:25.500 machine, how it works, but you can clean up your searches. So please don't give me three pages of 00:02:25.500 --> 00:02:31.100 trials, trial and error. Try to repeat. Otherwise searching just giving the last bit that was 00:02:31.100 --> 00:02:37.550 interesting. Okay, if there are no questions so far or you need to otherwise interrupt me, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 81% (H?Y) 00:02:37.550 --> 00:02:42.500 I would like to continue our PowerPoints. We were here. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:02:43.100 --> 00:02:46.600 Okay, can you see my PowerPoint? Yes. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 80% (H?Y) 00:02:47.600 --> 00:02:56.500 Okay, so, just to give you a few more examples of what's out there. This 00:02:56.500 --> 00:03:02.600 is an example of psychometric searches, and you can see psychometrics is got to do with 00:03:02.600 --> 00:03:09.400 reliability, Etc. So again, it's always you make a word. A list of start words, entry words. 00:03:09.400 --> 00:03:16.700 these words that are semantically related, synonyms, acronyms, the whole thing. And in every 00:03:16.700 --> 00:03:18.350 database, you use the NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 87% (H?Y) 00:03:18.350 --> 00:03:25.600 exactly same start words or entry words, then you make a string of free text words related. But 00:03:25.600 --> 00:03:33.350 this, I'll show you what we did. So in summary, so we went to PubMed and these were the entry terms 00:03:33.350 --> 00:03:39.400 and you need experts. Really, this is not easy. Because if you forget a term and you run only 00:03:39.400 --> 00:03:45.100 systematic surges, not just for an introduction of your research proposal, but for instance, 00:03:45.100 --> 00:03:48.300 you are performing a systematic search, it would be NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (H?Y) 00:03:48.300 --> 00:03:52.900 Really problematic if you forgot the term reliability and you say I'm doing a search in 00:03:52.900 --> 00:04:00.600 psychometrics. So what I usually do, I've got experts, content experts. I ask them to check, we look 00:04:00.600 --> 00:04:06.800 at some literature. We've got like, okay have we got all this similar terms. Is this complete what 00:04:06.800 --> 00:04:13.050 we've got? And very often it's not and that's painful. So we've got this term, this list. In every 00:04:13.050 --> 00:04:18.350 single database you need to put, you go to the subject heading database, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 79% (H?Y) 00:04:18.350 --> 00:04:26.200 so mesh for instance in PubMed, and use psychometrics and you look for mesh terms and reliability and 00:04:26.200 --> 00:04:32.900 and Etc. Until you've done the whole list and you need to do that in every single database. 00:04:32.900 --> 00:04:37.700 So this is time consuming. Usually, I'm the one, the lucky one does the search. But okay, this is 00:04:37.700 --> 00:04:39.000 what you do. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 89% (H?Y) 00:04:39.000 --> 00:04:47.300 Again, subject heading in PubMed are called mesh. So that is where you, what we are using it as an 00:04:47.300 --> 00:04:55.000 example. And if we put all these entry terms in, you can see the list what we had and all these 00:04:55.000 --> 00:05:01.400 terms are combined with for or or because you expend it. It's still one string. It's the same 00:05:01.400 --> 00:05:07.400 concept. So that's one string that you can think about free text. And this is one way like psychmetrics, 00:05:07.400 --> 00:05:09.350 I use a truncation, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:05:09.350 --> 00:05:16.100 reliability, because I want reliability, reliabilities. You name it. You can see I use it quite 00:05:16.100 --> 00:05:23.500 often these, it's useful to use truncations because if you do .... like reliability with a I, it 00:05:23.500 --> 00:05:31.600 will not come up with the reliabilities, IES. So you really use them wisely by its response and Etc. 00:05:31.600 --> 00:05:39.000 So that would be my free text. Okay. And again, sometimes you need both. Now, there also 00:05:39.000 --> 00:05:39.250 other databases, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 86% (H?Y) 00:05:39.250 --> 00:05:47.000 and you use the same list of starting words as I said. And we did 00:05:47.000 --> 00:05:52.500 that in CINAHL and Embase and Eric and this is where you can find, you need to go to 00:05:52.500 --> 00:05:59.500 these databases and then they are hidden these Thesaurus terms or these subject headings. So in CINAHL, 00:05:59.500 --> 00:06:06.000 there is a tab called cinahl subject headings. That is like mesh. That is the subject 00:06:06.000 --> 00:06:09.299 heading we need. In Embase, it is here, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 86% (H?Y) 00:06:09.299 --> 00:06:14.300 that's why I wrote it down in your slide, you've got it on your slide. Then you go to the tab search 00:06:14.300 --> 00:06:23.100 tools. You select thesaurus, these thesaurus are the subject headings. And Eric, same thing, a tab. 00:06:23.100 --> 00:06:27.900 In every database you need to look for it a little bit. That's why it takes me some time 00:06:27.900 --> 00:06:34.300 to figure out how to perform searches if I am in unfamiliar databases. You won't have the 00:06:34.300 --> 00:06:39.250 trouble too much. Just do that and you will find it. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 89% (H?Y) 00:06:39.250 --> 00:06:43.900 Then you need to go to search histories that you can check what you've done. You check the retrieve 00:06:43.900 --> 00:06:49.800 number, you check the syntax with this Snipping Tool, Etc. Now this is for instance, psychometrics, 00:06:49.800 --> 00:06:57.000 but now in CINAHL, I recognized it again to stop this MH and I can see it's all, this 00:06:57.000 --> 00:07:04.600 is one big string and you can see these hyphens. This is a double one, so this corresponds to that hyphen. 00:07:04.600 --> 00:07:09.049 The machine does that automatically when I combine them. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 75% (MEDIUM) 00:07:09.049 --> 00:07:14.800 Embase, same thing, these were the terms are retrieved in Embase. These are the ones in 00:07:14.800 --> 00:07:22.900 psychometrics. In every database they've got slightly different way of noting or writing down 00:07:22.900 --> 00:07:29.300 these subject headings. They are named differently. They write them down differently. Never 00:07:29.300 --> 00:07:35.800 change it. This is the syntax, don't clean it up by deleting all these slashes, then you mess 00:07:35.800 --> 00:07:39.150 up your search. This is it. This is what you want. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 88% (H?Y) 00:07:39.150 --> 00:07:44.800 Okay, I'm not going to ask you now to do systematic review, but let's try a few things. So suppose 00:07:44.800 --> 00:07:53.700 you want to know about studies about special needs education in Dutch. Could you go to PubMed and 00:07:53.700 --> 00:07:59.700 try to do this? I'm going to give you a little bit of time. So try to find, for instance, a subject 00:07:59.700 --> 00:08:04.600 heading and mesh term in PubMed, in SNE. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 77% (H?Y) 00:08:05.200 --> 00:08:08.450 Try to go to Embase. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 61% (MEDIUM) 00:08:08.450 --> 00:08:11.150 PubMed, I'm sorry. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 77% (H?Y) 00:08:11.150 --> 00:08:14.200 And try to figure it out. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 81% (H?Y) 00:08:14.700 --> 00:08:20.300 Meanwhile, I'll go also to PubMed. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 66% (MEDIUM) 00:08:21.400 --> 00:08:24.200 Here is PubMed. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:08:32.500 --> 00:08:35.250 Just click that one. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 84% (H?Y) 00:08:42.200 --> 00:08:48.600 Okay, so I'm clicking that away. I want actually to go to the 00:08:48.600 --> 00:08:56.600 mesh database. Here's my mesh at the top bottom. So I go to 00:08:56.600 --> 00:09:02.700 mesh, we wanted to note special needs education. So what kind of terms, anybody, what kind of terms 00:09:02.700 --> 00:09:04.050 that you look for? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:09:04.050 --> 00:09:07.100 Did you get to the mesh database? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 79% (H?Y) 00:09:07.100 --> 00:09:13.500 Yeah, okay. You need special needs education, 00:09:13.500 --> 00:09:16.950 I'll type special needs education. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 88% (H?Y) 00:09:16.950 --> 00:09:23.900 So, I just would do that. I enter and let's see what pop up. Education, special. I think that's 00:09:23.900 --> 00:09:29.900 as close as we get. You can see here are the sub. These are the subgroups. I usually just 00:09:29.900 --> 00:09:36.400 use the overarching term because I will combine it with other strings anyhow. So I say, okay, give 00:09:36.400 --> 00:09:47.000 me that one. Added in the search bar, search PubMed for me. Give it some time. Okay, so we've got this number. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 88% (H?Y) 00:09:47.500 --> 00:09:52.900 Make sure you don't have any filters on there. Let's see what I forgot. 00:09:52.900 --> 00:10:00.900 What was my question? I wanted to know studies about SNE in Dutch. Okay, so you go now, 00:10:00.900 --> 00:10:04.700 I want to know Dutch. So it's not there yet. I've got still some Norwegian, 00:10:04.700 --> 00:10:13.400 so you ask for additional filters. I go for language and I look for Dutch. I'll 00:10:13.400 --> 00:10:17.050 click, it's still not selected, you need to tick it. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 79% (H?Y) 00:10:17.050 --> 00:10:25.900 At thaa time, 55 studies in SNE. Did you have that as well? Or did you had problems? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 86% (H?Y) 00:10:26.200 --> 00:10:36.000 Melissa: I got only two hits and I think it's because I have publication date. Renee: You've got 00:10:36.000 --> 00:10:42.200 an extra filter. Melissa: No, sorry. It's not a publication date, but I 00:10:42.200 --> 00:10:48.400 only got two. Renee: So you go to Advanced, click on Advanced and then you can see your search history 00:10:48.400 --> 00:10:54.100 again and here you can see exactly what I've done. So I use that mesh term that you can compare with 00:10:54.100 --> 00:10:55.750 what I did. I use that particular NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 85% (H?Y) 00:10:55.750 --> 00:11:02.050 mesh term and I use Dutch. That's all I did. No other filters. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 89% (H?Y) 00:11:02.050 --> 00:11:07.900 I think you've got a review filter. Anything like that on still. You can see here on top. You can 00:11:07.900 --> 00:11:11.300 see filters applied, Dutch. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 87% (H?Y) 00:11:11.500 --> 00:11:18.800 You can click whatever filter you've got. If you click on clear all, it should be all gone for the 00:11:18.800 --> 00:11:23.600 next search. Did you solve your problem? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:11:23.600 --> 00:11:32.550 Okay. Good. I'll go back to my PowerPoint. Then. Let's try a few more. Here we are. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:11:32.550 --> 00:11:38.750 So we said studies about SNE, and this is what we just did. We came, we looked for the mesh term 00:11:38.750 --> 00:11:45.200 and we added the filter. That's how it works. Now. Try another one, systematic reviews about 00:11:45.200 --> 00:11:50.900 preschool children with intellectual disabilities. I would suggest you first go for a mesh term 00:11:50.900 --> 00:11:54.500 intellectual disabilities. Have a try. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 72% (MEDIUM) 00:12:25.700 --> 00:12:30.400 Everybody done or do you want to need a bit more time? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:12:33.600 --> 00:12:43.000 Hana: Yeah, I'm done. But then like there's a lot of subheadings. Renee: Okay, I'm gonna help. I'm gonna help 00:12:43.000 --> 00:12:48.900 you. And then we can have a chat how we do it. So I go, we are here and I want to go 00:12:48.900 --> 00:12:53.900 actually to the mesh because I want to, I will start by looking for a mesh term for intellectual 00:12:53.900 --> 00:12:58.550 disabilities. So, double-check, you are in the mesh database. Otherwise you need to use the scroll 00:12:58.550 --> 00:13:02.800 down and use the right one. You need to go to mesh and I just type NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 87% (H?Y) 00:13:02.800 --> 00:13:10.200 intellectual disabilities, watch out for spelling errors because it will not recognize it. It will say 00:13:10.200 --> 00:13:15.900 there are no term. So if I do this then I get this. Is that what you did as well. Did you use a 00:13:15.900 --> 00:13:23.200 synonym? Hana: I got that. So then I checked education because I think the question had preschool or 00:13:23.200 --> 00:13:28.700 something. Renee: Okay, that's another way of doing it. Okay. I'm lazy, but 00:13:28.700 --> 00:13:33.150 that's another way also. Okay, but what I do is say well I just add that to the .... for now. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 84% (H?Y) 00:13:33.150 --> 00:13:38.700 Because and then we can talk about the differences, then I say again, search, so I start with 00:13:38.700 --> 00:13:44.100 my mesh term and then I'm going to use some filters. So I've got almost 100000, which is 00:13:44.100 --> 00:13:50.400 unpleasant. So the idea was systematic reviews in preschool children. Well, another way of doing 00:13:50.400 --> 00:13:55.100 that is you go again to the filters. 00:13:55.100 --> 00:14:01.550 I want the additional filters and I want to go to age, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (H?Y) 00:14:01.550 --> 00:14:09.400 and here you can see for instance, we said preschool children. Here, they are. So I click the 00:14:09.400 --> 00:14:15.900 filter. I said, okay, show. Remember if it shows, you still need to tick it. This is one way of doing 00:14:15.900 --> 00:14:16.850 it. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 84% (H?Y) 00:14:16.850 --> 00:14:23.450 And then I've got here. You can see that's your filter that's been applied. And now I've got 21,000. 00:14:23.450 --> 00:14:28.500 It's still not what I want. I want an additional filter. I asked for a systematic reviews. I'm not 00:14:28.500 --> 00:14:34.200 going to tick the review but the systematic review as well. So you can combine filters and let's see 00:14:34.200 --> 00:14:42.600 what have I got now. 46. If you want to know what on Earth did she do, you go to Advanced, and 00:14:42.600 --> 00:14:47.050 that is where you can see the history again, so you can see, you can also see the old things. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 88% (H?Y) 00:14:47.050 --> 00:14:54.500 I started it mesh, almost hundred thousand. I added the age group, 21,000. And I added systematic 00:14:54.500 --> 00:15:00.400 reviews, which can still see exactly what you have done. That's why I just always take snip. 00:15:00.400 --> 00:15:08.600 I never do searches in the evening. You will make mistakes. I forget an ''or'' , I forget 00:15:08.600 --> 00:15:16.500 an ''and'' , and one wrong and the Machine is done. It doesn't understand it. But this is one way of doing it. 00:15:17.200 --> 00:15:21.900 Now you said already you did something else, which is also interesting. 00:15:21.900 --> 00:15:33.100 I go back to mesh but do not go back too much. Let's see what happens. Then you go to 00:15:33.100 --> 00:15:35.000 back to mesh. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 89% (H?Y) 00:15:35.000 --> 00:15:41.700 I still got my filters on but okay and I go to intellectual disabilities, what we did. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (H?Y) 00:15:47.700 --> 00:15:58.900 And you added education. If you then add you can see the system adds education there, then 00:15:58.900 --> 00:16:09.200 you do search but now you get articles linked to education. And if you then see, I go 00:16:09.200 --> 00:16:16.100 to Advanced because I've got my filter still on. You can see I've got intellectual disability. That 00:16:16.100 --> 00:16:17.050 was the previous. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 86% (H?Y) 00:16:17.050 --> 00:16:25.700 Where are we? Here we are. Intellectual disability and education and I only got one. If I do that 00:16:25.700 --> 00:16:32.250 would that make a difference? I don't even think so. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 80% (H?Y) 00:16:32.250 --> 00:16:35.000 Show me the one. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (H?Y) 00:16:35.400 --> 00:16:39.800 So, is it correct that you had one article? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 85% (H?Y) 00:16:41.200 --> 00:16:48.500 Yes. Okay. Well, different ways. It's not wrong. It's just 00:16:48.500 --> 00:16:55.200 different ways. But I think if you want to know about systematic reviews, that's absolutely a limit. 00:16:55.200 --> 00:17:01.400 And if you've got this very well defined population, very often the filters work are the easiest 00:17:01.400 --> 00:17:06.599 way to go. So if filter Like Preschool kid and you've got them, all is for all the children that 00:17:06.599 --> 00:17:11.099 probably will work easiest for you. If you use education, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:17:11.099 --> 00:17:18.500 that actually means that you restrict your term to research in education, that could also be high 00:17:18.500 --> 00:17:19.599 school. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:17:19.599 --> 00:17:25.800 So probably you would prefer to use a filter here. But it's, this is what you need to do. Just play 00:17:25.800 --> 00:17:32.350 around and see what you get. I'm going to go back to my PowerPoint again. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 88% (H?Y) 00:17:32.350 --> 00:17:41.900 Hana: I have a quick question. Because PubMed is basically lots of biomedical stuff. Right? So when I 00:17:41.900 --> 00:17:49.550 click education, could it be that because it's mostly biomedical that the education stuff doesn't 00:17:49.550 --> 00:17:57.400 pop up or... ? Renee: No. My experience is that you get a lot in PubMed and Embase and in Eric you just get 00:17:57.400 --> 00:18:02.900 very limited and even in social sciences and education we always include NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 82% (H?Y) 00:18:02.900 --> 00:18:09.600 PubMed and Embase. They are medically orientated, but I've written dozens of 00:18:09.600 --> 00:18:16.600 reviews, we always include those two. You can't avoid them in a systematic review. 00:18:16.600 --> 00:18:22.500 So we've done for instance, last year. We did a review in covid, the impact of covid on 00:18:22.500 --> 00:18:30.200 education, systematic review, and we had Embase, PubMed, Eric, CINAHL, web of science maybe, so 00:18:30.200 --> 00:18:32.900 it's all there then. Unfortunately, you can't NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 89% (H?Y) 00:18:32.900 --> 00:18:38.700 avoid them and they usually retrieve much more. The education website database are rather 00:18:38.700 --> 00:18:45.100 restricted. So you probably meet the other ones as well. But you are there, that's a good start. It's not 00:18:45.100 --> 00:18:51.000 wrong, just for a systematic review you need anything that's out there. Hana: Okay, that's good to know 00:18:51.000 --> 00:18:57.500 because I tried PubMed yesterday and met because I wasn't doing it right like how we're doing it 00:18:57.500 --> 00:19:02.949 today. So then I didn't get a lot of articles. I was just wondering if it's only medical NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 74% (MEDIUM) 00:19:02.949 --> 00:19:09.500 stuff on PubMed. Renee: it is mainly medical indeed, it's advertised as being Medical but still, if you 00:19:09.500 --> 00:19:14.500 look at existing reviews, or you can see the numbers are retrieving each 00:19:14.500 --> 00:19:20.000 database. Because that's part of a systematic review that you report from that. And sometimes, 00:19:20.000 --> 00:19:25.000 actually quite often we found very few in the so-called educational database. So I'm afraid you've 00:19:25.000 --> 00:19:31.300 got to use them, all of them, but I'm very happy to have a look at it if you 00:19:31.300 --> 00:19:32.850 really run into problems and you NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 78% (H?Y) 00:19:32.850 --> 00:19:39.100 can't find your literature. Okay, I first want to try and teach you a few more 00:19:39.100 --> 00:19:43.700 tricks that you feel a little bit more comfortable. PubMed is the easiest but I'm also very 00:19:43.700 --> 00:19:48.600 happy to expand to other databases. But let's stick to one database first because otherwise 00:19:48.600 --> 00:19:56.400 it's very confusing. So this was what we did. This is how I solved it. My mesh term, I add 00:19:56.400 --> 00:20:02.949 systematic review and I add a target population and I ended up at 40, which is a very nice number. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 87% (H?Y) 00:20:02.949 --> 00:20:09.700 And I can just scroll through. Okay. Now this one is and I think I'm just going to do it for you. 00:20:09.700 --> 00:20:16.150 But this is the same idea. RCT's in SNE over the past 10 years. I will show how you do that 00:20:16.150 --> 00:20:24.200 is, here's my education, special, my mesh term. I want randomized controlled trials. I've got here, 00:20:24.200 --> 00:20:30.400 two of them. I combined them with an ''and''. And then I add the last 10 years. I'll show you how I do 00:20:30.400 --> 00:20:32.300 that very quickly in PubMed. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 84% (H?Y) 00:20:32.300 --> 00:20:40.700 Okay. Let's see. What were we going to do? I forgot now, I need to write that down. 00:20:40.700 --> 00:20:51.700 That's much easier. We want RCT's. RCTs in SNE, 10 years. Okay. So what you 00:20:51.700 --> 00:20:56.500 do, if you get something like that, first you say, okay, we do SNE and I 00:20:56.500 --> 00:21:01.500 still have got SNE here somewhere so you can just say okay I've got that one. So why don't I just 00:21:01.500 --> 00:21:03.350 click on that one? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 84% (H?Y) 00:21:03.350 --> 00:21:11.500 And that would bring me immediately to I've got the 15,000. Now I want the last 10 years. Here we 00:21:11.500 --> 00:21:14.050 go, 10 years. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 73% (MEDIUM) 00:21:14.050 --> 00:21:18.900 And you can do it in different orders. Of course, it doesn't matter. So I've got now seventy thirty 00:21:18.900 --> 00:21:27.600 percent. Now, I want to go back to my mesh and it's probably here, go my mesh, because I need to find 00:21:27.600 --> 00:21:33.800 mesh terms for RCTs. I don't think you will do a RCTs. I'll show you what 00:21:33.800 --> 00:21:38.500 happens. If you do acronyms very often you get these whatever proteins, that's not what we're 00:21:38.500 --> 00:21:41.900 looking for. So randomize 00:21:42.700 --> 00:21:51.100 control trial, clinical trial.Again. There is randomize with an S and with Z, 00:21:51.100 --> 00:21:57.500 that so check your database. How about these two? This is 00:21:57.500 --> 00:22:03.800 the publication type. This is trial topic and it gives you some information. You can also click on 00:22:03.800 --> 00:22:10.800 these terms and see what they actually are meaning. You can expend controlled clinical, 00:22:10.800 --> 00:22:12.450 I want the randomized NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 77% (H?Y) 00:22:12.450 --> 00:22:17.400 in so you could say, well, randomize maybe that one as well, but that's only 00:22:17.400 --> 00:22:25.500 for vets. That's do these two. Remember to combine them with them or add them to your search and 00:22:25.500 --> 00:22:33.600 say search. So, now I've got a string for RCTs. Okay. Now I need to go to advance because I 00:22:33.600 --> 00:22:39.449 want to combine this with my previous. So, here you are. I've got my education, special education. 00:22:39.449 --> 00:22:42.450 I've got my ten years added, and randomized NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 77% (H?Y) 00:22:42.450 --> 00:22:50.700 controlled trials. Now I add that one pops up there and it should be combined with this one because 00:22:50.700 --> 00:22:57.900 ''and''. So I've got rcts and special needs education, and still that 10 years filter. Then I 00:22:57.900 --> 00:23:00.600 click go for it. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:23:01.200 --> 00:23:06.500 And I end up with 95 results. Is that okay? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 89% (H?Y) 00:23:08.700 --> 00:23:20.800 Okay, let's see and go back to the Powerpoints again. Now. This is a probably what you were doing. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 79% (H?Y) 00:23:21.400 --> 00:23:28.500 So again, how did we do that? Here is my mesh term, I always first start with my mesh terms. Then I 00:23:28.500 --> 00:23:35.100 do also here the mesh term, randomized controlled trial. Here I combine them and here the 00:23:35.100 --> 00:23:40.200 last ten years. Slightly different numbers. I did not rerun this this year so this is from last 00:23:40.200 --> 00:23:47.600 year, but this is the idea. If you want to do free text I'm just going to show it to you. Then you 00:23:47.600 --> 00:23:51.199 need to do, I want to know train concept. That's a concept that NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 83% (H?Y) 00:23:51.199 --> 00:23:58.100 you train people to train other people. And there are no mesh, in that case you need to use these 00:23:58.100 --> 00:24:04.900 hyphens or and I so I just do search the trainer or coach the coach and it's way too 00:24:04.900 --> 00:24:12.199 much. So I add the title abstract restriction and then I still have got 612. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:24:12.199 --> 00:24:20.500 Not an example. I've got a guy named John Johnson and I really want to know his articles. Then if you 00:24:20.500 --> 00:24:27.850 go to restrictions, again, you can also just choose an author and then you get his articles. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 89% (H?Y) 00:24:27.850 --> 00:24:33.500 Okay, and the final bit if you want, you've got an article, you want to know? Well, what mesh terms 00:24:33.500 --> 00:24:40.900 are possibly linked to this one? Like, okay. We are talking about autism in the Gulf in. I need to 00:24:40.900 --> 00:24:45.700 write it down in the Gulf States. Let's see what we can find with that one. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (H?Y) 00:24:46.700 --> 00:24:56.500 And I go into... Where's my puppet again? No PubMed. There's my PubMed. So, I've got this article 00:24:56.500 --> 00:25:05.200 that's called autism in Gulf States. Let's see what we can find it. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 78% (H?Y) 00:25:08.700 --> 00:25:17.200 That's not what I want. Can we do this with that? Improve it. I put in between brackets. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 66% (MEDIUM) 00:25:17.200 --> 00:25:23.500 Still got way too much. Let's see. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:25:23.700 --> 00:25:32.200 Nobody told me! Fantastic. Did you see my spelling error? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 84% (H?Y) 00:25:32.200 --> 00:25:39.450 If you make a misspelling you can forget about it. Yeah, it's not going to happen. Okay? Autism 00:25:39.450 --> 00:25:49.300 in the Gulf States. And what I do now is, I think, okay, title and let's see whether this is 00:25:49.300 --> 00:25:50.900 working. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 86% (H?Y) 00:25:52.000 --> 00:26:00.100 There we are. So really, if weird things happen, it's usually you do something. I make 00:26:00.100 --> 00:26:05.500 spelling error then the machine can't find it. So, now I've got this article and I want, 00:26:05.500 --> 00:26:10.800 you know, the mesh terms and very often always, but if you scroll down, you can see this article is 00:26:10.800 --> 00:26:15.900 linked to these mesh terms and that may be very useful. If you are looking for literature in a 00:26:15.900 --> 00:26:19.950 certain area and you think, okay, what kind of mesh terms do I need to use? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 89% (H?Y) 00:26:19.950 --> 00:26:26.300 Again, these are all subheadings, under the autistic disorder are very often you see overarching 00:26:26.300 --> 00:26:31.500 ones if I can because then I don't need to make all these other difficult choices, but this is 00:26:31.500 --> 00:26:38.200 how you find the mesh terms. Back to my article. So this is what we were. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 89% (H?Y) 00:26:38.400 --> 00:26:47.100 Okay, autism in the Gulf States and these were the mesh terms that I could find. Any questions so far? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:26:50.700 --> 00:26:57.800 Okay, then I'm going to do something else that I think is very important, EndNote. We talked about 00:26:57.800 --> 00:27:05.900 it briefly last time so you can throw the UiO, you can download a reference program. In 00:27:05.900 --> 00:27:10.700 this case. It's endnote again, you do not need to use endnote. There are other programs as well, other 00:27:10.700 --> 00:27:17.300 courses, but I strongly like EndNote. I like to convince you to please start using a 00:27:17.300 --> 00:27:20.300 reference program. So this is what you can go. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (H?Y) 00:27:20.300 --> 00:27:25.200 On the website, you can see you can install it. You can download it. It's got questions and 00:27:25.200 --> 00:27:29.000 information and there are courses, Etc and videos. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 88% (H?Y) 00:27:29.000 --> 00:27:36.500 If you go to Endnote this is how it looks like, a little bit boring but that's how it looks like. 00:27:36.500 --> 00:27:42.400 You open that software program, than you need to go to file and than you need to say: well which one do 00:27:42.400 --> 00:27:48.400 you want to start? In this case I start a new one. I create a library. I need to come up with a 00:27:48.400 --> 00:27:55.400 name. I call it SNE Autumn 2020. I did not do this again, still the same group. 00:27:55.400 --> 00:27:59.699 Let's save that one. Then you need to tell, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 80% (H?Y) 00:27:59.699 --> 00:28:08.850 you see that at that moment, you created a new library. If you click on that one, it will enlarge. 00:28:08.850 --> 00:28:14.300 Now what I wanted to show you here, you can create groups. So sometimes to do, so if you want a 00:28:14.300 --> 00:28:19.900 literature database, if you say, well I want to combine all articles from PubMed and I want to have 00:28:19.900 --> 00:28:27.100 them for Endnote in a different ways, in a different group. This is where you can create 00:28:27.100 --> 00:28:29.650 very simple groups, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 64% (MEDIUM) 00:28:29.650 --> 00:28:31.300 I can show that later. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (H?Y) 00:28:31.300 --> 00:28:38.800 The reason why it was important. I think I showed you very briefly is suppose you've done a search. 00:28:38.800 --> 00:28:46.800 I've got five results. I want to export, I am in PubMed. I want to export them to Endnote. You open 00:28:46.800 --> 00:28:55.000 up first Endnote, create a library or open your library. Then you just say, okay, ''send to'' , 00:28:55.000 --> 00:29:01.300 you click on it. You ask, there it's what you need to go. You see I want all results, sometimes NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 87% (H?Y) 00:29:01.300 --> 00:29:07.700 selects a group, then the problem is here. You didn't click all results. Then you ask for 00:29:07.700 --> 00:29:15.500 create file. There it goes, you think nothing happens. But down there, in the bottom there is where 00:29:15.500 --> 00:29:23.650 your file will appear. Then you double click that one and automatically it will be exported to 00:29:23.650 --> 00:29:30.900 endnote, and then you can do whatever you want with it. Okay. Now, this is just for you, so just to 00:29:30.900 --> 00:29:31.450 keep in mind NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 89% (H?Y) 00:29:31.450 --> 00:29:39.600 if you create any library you need, you've got these two files. So I created SNE Autumn 2020, that 00:29:39.600 --> 00:29:47.000 automatically gives you an enl file and that file folder, you need both. One is a folder, ignore, never touch 00:29:47.000 --> 00:29:54.700 it. But the other one is if you double-click that one, you get into your endnote library, if someone 00:29:54.700 --> 00:29:59.500 else is working with you because you are students on the same topic or whatever, or you want to move it 00:29:59.500 --> 00:30:01.400 to a different folder, you need to NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 82% (H?Y) 00:30:01.400 --> 00:30:08.000 select both and send them both, usually by retransfer because they're too big, but you need 00:30:08.000 --> 00:30:14.600 both. You cannot open the library just having one or the other. It's not working. You need both, 00:30:14.600 --> 00:30:22.300 sharing libraries, you need both. OK? Any questions about that? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (H?Y) 00:30:23.800 --> 00:30:31.900 Would you like me to show you an example how it works or how to incorporate it word text? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:30:31.900 --> 00:30:35.100 Or is that too much detail? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 87% (H?Y) 00:30:35.500 --> 00:30:44.700 Hana: I feel like there's no harm in showing it. Renee: Okay. Okay, let's do it. So I'm going 00:30:44.700 --> 00:30:55.700 to open a Word document. Its opening on my others. Okay. 00:30:55.700 --> 00:31:02.900 Takes a while opening things up this, why don't I open something that is a text? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 79% (H?Y) 00:31:02.900 --> 00:31:06.000 I think that is a good one. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 81% (H?Y) 00:31:06.900 --> 00:31:14.000 I just opened a random piece of text. I've got text here. 00:31:14.000 --> 00:31:22.600 Rewiev, accept and I'll stop, it looks beautiful. Okay. Now 00:31:22.600 --> 00:31:28.300 I'm going to open an existing... 00:31:28.300 --> 00:31:32.500 This is just doesn't matter what it says. This is just to give 00:31:32.500 --> 00:31:37.949 you an idea. So I've got a Word document. Now I go to my, I'll show you what I'm doing. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 85% (H?Y) 00:31:37.949 --> 00:31:44.100 I'll give you an example. I go to my research. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:31:45.500 --> 00:31:56.700 It needs to open an endnote folder. Let's see. Okay, that's a very dangerous dog. 00:32:09.300 --> 00:32:19.300 This is probably better. I go to... Where's my endnote? Let's see. You see this is Excel. Where 00:32:19.300 --> 00:32:23.600 are my endnotes searches? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 76% (H?Y) 00:32:26.300 --> 00:32:32.800 Now, I'm not sure what you can see, but I've got here these data folders. And with 00:32:32.800 --> 00:32:40.200 identical names, it cannot be different to enl file to the endnote files. Now. I just click one 00:32:40.200 --> 00:32:48.300 here. I'm going to click this one. I click that enl file. So I've got now endnote folder 00:32:48.300 --> 00:32:54.900 opening. It will take a while, but it will get there. Once it's there I'll show you how it works. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:32:55.500 --> 00:33:02.700 Here we are. So endnote is opening. Just give it a time. 00:33:02.700 --> 00:34:14.800 *resolving a technical issue* 00:34:14.800 --> 00:34:24.600 And share quickly my screen again. Okay, so this is just you can see here endnote. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 89% (H?Y) 00:34:24.699 --> 00:34:33.300 Endnote has got, I've got here a hundred and sixty three references in. Now I go back to my 00:34:33.300 --> 00:34:39.300 fantastic Word document, doesn't matter what this is. Now, suppose I want to insert here. I hope you 00:34:39.300 --> 00:34:46.699 can see it. I want to insert here a reference. What you do is, you go to endnote, you say insert NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 78% (H?Y) 00:34:47.500 --> 00:34:54.600 and then of course, it everytime sorts to my other screen. I said, okay, that guy, I want to insert 00:34:54.600 --> 00:34:57.200 that one. I say insert. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 82% (H?Y) 00:34:57.900 --> 00:35:03.800 It's working. And there it is, my first reference and automatically it 00:35:03.800 --> 00:35:08.600 makes a reference checklist for you and that is why I really like that. So if I do, let's do another 00:35:08.600 --> 00:35:16.450 one. I want here, I want to insert even more. I'm going to insert this is at random, you know that too, 00:35:16.450 --> 00:35:18.500 and say insert. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 79% (H?Y) 00:35:19.900 --> 00:35:26.450 Okay. Now suppose I wanted the methods section later. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 83% (H?Y) 00:35:26.450 --> 00:35:32.400 Here. 00:35:32.400 --> 00:35:41.000 Okay, that's another thing that I may 00:35:41.000 --> 00:35:45.400 teach you but not now. But you can keep track of the changes, especially if your supervisors want that. 00:35:45.400 --> 00:35:50.550 But you see the numbers are automatically renumbered 00:35:50.550 --> 00:35:56.200 and every time down here it will give me these beautiful reference lists. So all I've got to do 00:35:56.200 --> 00:35:57.500 is write down NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 81% (H?Y) 00:35:57.500 --> 00:36:06.100 References and whatever I do I can also delete it. t 00:36:06.100 --> 00:36:14.800 Then you go endnote, edit and say: well, how 00:36:14.800 --> 00:36:18.300 about we delete that one? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 87% (H?Y) 00:36:18.300 --> 00:36:29.100 Remove and off it goes, give it some time and it's gone. You can also say, you know what? I've got a 00:36:29.100 --> 00:36:41.500 sentence that John, John, John found bloody bloody blah blah, and I want a reference here. So I say, 00:36:41.500 --> 00:36:48.899 okay, I go to insert, I say: NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (H?Y) 00:36:48.899 --> 00:36:56.800 Okay, John. Then I say, fine Baijens. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 85% (H?Y) 00:36:58.350 --> 00:37:04.400 I know that was in there. There's Baijens, that maybe that one. Now, what you can do is that you say: 00:37:04.400 --> 00:37:08.800 I want to insert it, but I want to see the author name. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 87% (H?Y) 00:37:09.900 --> 00:37:18.800 I was at the wrong place. Look at me here, but this is what I mean. You can put that. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 87% (H?Y) 00:37:20.100 --> 00:37:27.000 If you put that in front of the sentence, it needs time now again, because I messed up. But this is 00:37:27.000 --> 00:37:34.100 what you can do then, you can just say Baijens et al, found. So you can do 00:37:34.100 --> 00:37:39.200 different things with endnote but the most important thing is this that you can, and I 00:37:39.200 --> 00:37:45.300 click on it again, and then you say edit and say I want that Biajens. You just say again delete. 00:37:50.500 --> 00:37:54.400 But you can play around with it. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:37:54.500 --> 00:38:03.000 Stop. Melissa: It's a pretty nice tool because I was able to do the bracket citation and then the reference 00:38:03.000 --> 00:38:11.500 came right after. Renee: So what is in endnote. So what you just need to do is so you create first you 00:38:11.500 --> 00:38:18.000 create an endnote library. Then you add either your export your references from your databases or 00:38:18.000 --> 00:38:22.600 you do it by hand. You need to read a little bit out of that, and then you've got them all here. You 00:38:22.600 --> 00:38:24.950 can also click on them. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (H?Y) 00:38:24.950 --> 00:38:30.000 If you click on that one it will show. And maybe this one has got abstract, 00:38:30.000 --> 00:38:33.850 absolutely has not, but very often they do. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 89% (H?Y) 00:38:33.850 --> 00:38:42.800 I'm trying to educate a dog in between. But you can see also reference, 00:38:42.800 --> 00:38:47.000 abstract Etc if that person exported those, I'm not sure what they did. Let's see another 00:38:47.000 --> 00:38:54.550 one. There are more tricks and that you can do. You can attach PDS to the original articles. I think. 00:38:54.550 --> 00:39:00.000 You see is the original article attached because there are also tricks that you 00:39:00.000 --> 00:39:04.400 can do with that. I'll just make it smaller and stop sharing for now. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:39:04.400 --> 00:39:18.750 So this is where we were, I will just start that one and just to give you a little bit more. Okay, 00:39:18.750 --> 00:39:21.250 you can see my slides I suppose. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 74% (MEDIUM) 00:39:21.250 --> 00:39:27.700 We gonna talk about reporting. Okay. Imrad is something we will talk about I think next week 00:39:27.700 --> 00:39:34.500 already. It is about introduction methods, results and discussion. And it actually it's a standard 00:39:34.500 --> 00:39:42.300 way of how an article is written. Articles are not that creative. They actually want you to really 00:39:42.300 --> 00:39:47.300 stick to the rules and put the right sections in the right bits and pieces, but we'll talk about 00:39:47.300 --> 00:39:52.250 that when we've got that lecture. The other thing is that we will talk about is NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:39:52.250 --> 00:39:59.900 Critical appraisal tools. Critical appraisal tools are these tools, cats in short, that 00:39:59.900 --> 00:40:07.700 address the methodological quality of included article, for instance in your review. Now, this 00:40:07.700 --> 00:40:14.500 website is an interesting one. If you go to that website and you will see all these options, 00:40:14.500 --> 00:40:21.800 and this is what is interesting. There we are, enlarged it. And if you just click NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 87% (H?Y) 00:40:21.800 --> 00:40:29.500 on systematic reviews, you get into Prisma. And Prisma is preferred reporting items for 00:40:29.500 --> 00:40:34.900 systematic reviews and meta-analysis. The previous slide by the way, is not just giving cats appraisal. 00:40:34.900 --> 00:40:40.400 You can see for all kinds of stuff. You can also go straight to the Prisma website, this 00:40:40.400 --> 00:40:47.400 one, but this is the guideline you need to follow if you perform a systematic review and that 00:40:47.400 --> 00:40:51.800 is what I came to realize yesterday. That's why updated your slides. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 79% (H?Y) 00:40:51.800 --> 00:40:59.050 I realized that I had not put yet the Prisma 2020, also previous version. 00:40:59.050 --> 00:41:06.200 These are the only few slides that I changed a bit. So it is about how to report how to perform and 00:41:06.200 --> 00:41:13.800 how to report. Mainly, how to report on your systematic review. Now, this is the website. I know 00:41:13.800 --> 00:41:21.550 it's small, but you can try it yourself. And if you go to there, you can see the key NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 77% (H?Y) 00:41:21.550 --> 00:41:28.100 documents. These are key documents. It's a checklist, a flowchart, flowchart diagram, the statement 00:41:28.100 --> 00:41:33.200 itself, and the explanation, and elaboration of the statement. Now, I talked a little bit through 00:41:33.200 --> 00:41:39.300 this. That gives at least you've seen it how it works. So, these are the two references. So, this is 00:41:39.300 --> 00:41:45.900 about the statement and this is about it gives you an explanation of how to use these 00:41:45.900 --> 00:41:51.800 guidelines, how to report on systematic reviews. And they've got a, and this is the new one, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 85% (H?Y) 00:41:51.800 --> 00:41:58.800 the Prisma 2020 checklist. So you can see the inbred structure, title, abstract, introduction, methods, 00:41:58.800 --> 00:42:05.500 results. And, for each part of an article, they actually say, okay: this is what I want you to do. 00:42:05.500 --> 00:42:10.700 So, for instance, methods, you need to give the complete in an exclusivity area. You need to 00:42:10.700 --> 00:42:19.500 describe a what databases that you use. What is the full search for each database, etc. Etc. There's 00:42:19.500 --> 00:42:21.750 things about the title, the abstract, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 85% (H?Y) 00:42:21.750 --> 00:42:27.300 introduction, methods. And if you continue, you also have got the results section, the discussion and 00:42:27.300 --> 00:42:33.100 other information. So you need to tick every single box and you need actually to say 00:42:33.100 --> 00:42:38.800 where in your manuscript did you report on what. Some journals are very strict on this, other 00:42:38.800 --> 00:42:43.500 journals are little bit easy going, but a systematic review is a lot of work. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:42:43.500 --> 00:42:49.000 This is the flow chart. What you do is you need to say: Well, these are the databases. These are 00:42:49.000 --> 00:42:58.000 how many numbers are retrieved or whatever other online material you try to find. 00:42:58.000 --> 00:43:03.500 You need to explain how many duplicates, how many records were left for screening, how many did you 00:43:03.500 --> 00:43:08.500 exclude, then retrieve the original articles that you think will be really interesting. 00:43:08.500 --> 00:43:13.050 You need to explain some you probably did not even find. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 86% (H?Y) 00:43:13.050 --> 00:43:21.200 You assess them. You need to explain why exclude them. And look, that's where we end. Now I'll 00:43:21.200 --> 00:43:27.600 give you an example on how that works. This is a systematic review on the effects of Telehealth by 00:43:27.600 --> 00:43:32.700 health professionals and nurses. So that is occupationa therapy, speech language pathology, 00:43:32.700 --> 00:43:39.700 physiotherapy and nurses, psychologists. And at that time, I was in Australia and we 00:43:39.700 --> 00:43:43.100 were interested in what are the effects of Telehealth NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 85% (H?Y) 00:43:43.100 --> 00:43:49.100 in rural and remote areas. Because I'm not sure you know but Australia's got only 00:43:49.100 --> 00:43:57.300 something like 27 million people, but it's 8,000 by 6,000 kilometers. So they've got a little bit 00:43:57.300 --> 00:44:05.000 of space there and they need to deal with that. Now, this is how a final flowchart can look. You can 00:44:05.000 --> 00:44:12.950 see here Cinahl, Embase, Psycinfo and PubMed and the numbers I've retrieved. This is the total NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 89% (H?Y) 00:44:12.950 --> 00:44:22.800 combined so I include, I've export all references from these databases into my Endnote. 00:44:22.800 --> 00:44:28.300 There I can exclude the duplicates. There are some tricks that you can export it to excel, not going 00:44:28.300 --> 00:44:33.800 to do that. That's too much detail. But this is what I need to screen. I exclude a number quite a 00:44:33.800 --> 00:44:39.250 bit of course. These are the articles that we've reviewed. We exclude them for different reasons. 00:44:39.250 --> 00:44:43.100 And this is what then what we included. Now Prisma NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 84% (H?Y) 00:44:43.100 --> 00:44:50.200 also want you to check the reference, check lists of included articles. We found another eight 00:44:50.200 --> 00:44:57.600 and we checked journals, which is not always standard but we check journals in Telehealth. In the 00:44:57.600 --> 00:45:06.100 end we included 44 articles. This is a massive job, by the way. So from almost 3000 we end 00:45:06.100 --> 00:45:13.050 up to 30 in the database and we had some through reference checking. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 77% (H?Y) 00:45:13.050 --> 00:45:19.600 Okay. Now if you work on Prisma, then you need to have the main rules of Prisma. The guidelines is 00:45:19.600 --> 00:45:25.300 okay. You're in exclusion criteria. We talked about that. You need to give the 00:45:25.300 --> 00:45:34.100 original systemic searches per database. You need to have two independent reviewers and you want to 00:45:34.100 --> 00:45:39.800 know to know the degree of agreement. 00:45:39.800 --> 00:45:43.050 If you got to do to reviewers that absolutely NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (H?Y) 00:45:43.050 --> 00:45:48.600 don't agree about in an exclusion criteria you've got yourself a problem. You've got a 00:45:48.600 --> 00:45:55.900 very low Kappa. The Kappa is something between zero minus one and plus one. Well, it should be above 00:45:55.900 --> 00:46:02.100 0.7 preferably. But anyhow, lets forget about that one. So then the two 00:46:02.100 --> 00:46:08.000 reviewers decide about the final inclusion of articles, you do that by consensus. You must have your 00:46:08.000 --> 00:46:13.050 flow diagram that I just showed you. And then here comes my Cat, you NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:46:13.050 --> 00:46:19.300 need to have a critical appraisal of the methods being used in each article and you need to report 00:46:19.300 --> 00:46:25.400 on that. If you've got very poor methods, you are no longer interested in that article and you 00:46:25.400 --> 00:46:33.500 will exclude them. Why discuss the effects of an intervention when it's reported very lousy or very 00:46:33.500 --> 00:46:40.700 poorly? Okay, then you've got your outcome tables, and outcome tables with articles, 00:46:40.700 --> 00:46:42.800 intervention details, target NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 82% (H?Y) 00:46:42.800 --> 00:46:50.600 details, I'll show that bit later and meta-analysis that we discussed only if applicable and very 00:46:50.600 --> 00:46:57.700 often you can't because the articles in studies are too diverse. You can't compare Parkinson disease 00:46:57.700 --> 00:47:03.400 with a child that shy. This is Extreme example, but very often age is two 00:47:03.400 --> 00:47:11.650 different, diagnoses is too different and you can't combine. Okay now this is about the outcome table. 00:47:11.650 --> 00:47:12.950 So you need to report, you NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (H?Y) 00:47:12.950 --> 00:47:18.200 got all your articles, of course, the basic is your outcome table. 00:47:18.200 --> 00:47:24.000 That's why you did this painful project. So, of course you add the reference, the study design. What 00:47:24.000 --> 00:47:29.700 kind of design was used? What is the outcome of your methodological quality assessment? What is the 00:47:29.700 --> 00:47:35.700 target population? You report age, mean and standard deviation, gender, diagnosis, if applicable 00:47:35.700 --> 00:47:43.000 intervention purpose, intensity dosage Etc. You name it. Important concept, sometimes NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 77% (H?Y) 00:47:43.000 --> 00:47:49.300 you say how did they define it for instance shyness? Well, that is a tough one. This is again my 00:47:49.300 --> 00:47:55.200 area so long that problems, but sometimes people include drooling, it's a 00:47:55.200 --> 00:48:00.600 problem but I don't consider it is as a swallowing problems. So you want to sometimes in one of the 00:48:00.600 --> 00:48:08.500 column he said okay, the author's defined drolling problem as Etc. You want to know what outcome 00:48:08.500 --> 00:48:12.950 measures they use because if these are lousy outcome measures or if they are screening tools, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:48:12.950 --> 00:48:19.200 that's a totally different story compared to a study that really uses reliable, valid and 00:48:19.200 --> 00:48:24.200 responsive measures. And then, finally, of course you want to explain what is the outcome of the 00:48:24.200 --> 00:48:30.000 intervention if you are doing an intervention review. You could also different reviews. And then you 00:48:30.000 --> 00:48:38.700 need to say whether these effects are significantly statistical or not. And I'm going to ask you 00:48:38.700 --> 00:48:42.950 now, already, never use the term significant in the NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 86% (H?Y) 00:48:42.950 --> 00:48:50.200 sense of important. Use the term significant because that is very confusing. Significant, I 00:48:50.200 --> 00:48:56.100 only use when it is statistically significant. If you want to say it's important, say it is 00:48:56.100 --> 00:49:02.900 important, but don't mess up because it's very complex if you use terms that are not really clear 00:49:02.900 --> 00:49:08.899 and this is always a confusion. If you say there are significant effects, 00:49:08.899 --> 00:49:12.950 then say important effects or statistically significant, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 86% (H?Y) 00:49:12.950 --> 00:49:21.400 which is really what you want. I hope you get that. Okay, so, that was just an example. Again, 00:49:21.400 --> 00:49:30.400 Prisma is here. But that is more in Prisma. You can also go to the so called extensions, then 00:49:30.400 --> 00:49:37.600 you get this list and what might be interesting for you is the Prisma for scoping review. Scoping 00:49:37.600 --> 00:49:43.000 reviews are not systematic reviews. They still will do the same searches, but NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (H?Y) 00:49:43.000 --> 00:49:48.800 also there's information on how to do a scoping review and that may be interesting for you. But 00:49:48.800 --> 00:49:56.600 that is a little bit too much to discuss. So I want to stop sharing now and stop the recording at 00:49:56.600 --> 00:50.01.900 this moment.